Hanging Indents:
All citations should be double spaced and have a hanging indent in a Reference List.
A "hanging indent" means that each subsequent line after the first line of your citation should be indented by 0.5 inches.
Hyperlinks:
It is acceptable for hyperlinks to be blue and underlined (live) or black without underlining.
All hyperlinks must include https://
Do not put a period after DOIs or hyperlinks.
Authors
An author can be a person but can also be an organization, or company. These are called group or corporate authors. Most advertisements will have a corporate author such as an advertising agency or a company name.
Titles
Some advertisements may not have an identified title. If you are citing something with no identified title, write a description of the product/brand being advertised and place it in square brackets (e.g. [Advertisement for McDonald's coffee]. Put this description in brackets where you'd normally put the title.
Name of Company That Owns the Product. (Year, Month Day of issue which contains advertisement if known). Name of advertisement [Advertisement]. Name of Journal, Magazine or Newspaper, Volume(Issue) if known, page number advertisement is found on.
| Example |
BMW. (2011, June 4). Diesel reinvented [Advertisement]. Fictional Magazine, 7(1), 17. |
| In-Text Paraphrase |
(Company Name, Year) Example: (BMW, 2011) |
| In-Text Quote |
(Company Name, Year, p. Page Number) Example: (BMW, 2011, p. 17) |
Name of Company That Owns the Product. (Year, Month Day of issue which contains advertisement if known). [Advertisement for Name of Product being advertised]. Name of Journal, Magazine or Newspaper, Volume(Issue) if known, page number advertisement is found on.
| Example |
FedEx. (2011, May). [Advertisement for FedExCup]. Sample Magazine, 5(1), 30. |
| In-Text Paraphrase |
(Company Name, Year) Example: (FedEx, 2011) |
| In-Text Quote |
(Company Name, Year, p. Page Number) Example: (FedEx, 2011, p. 30) |
Name of Company That Owns the Product. (Year, Month Day Posted). Name of advertisement [Advertisement]. URL
Note: If you are citing an advertisement that has appeared at the beginning of another video, make sure to open the video advertisement in a new window to obtain the link for only the advertisement.
| Example |
Google Canada. (2017, October 16). Google Home Mini [Advertisement]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbW9pug1pE8 Note: In the example above, all words of the title are capitalized because the advertisement is the same as the product name and is treated as a proper noun. |
| In-Text Paraphrase |
(Company Name, Year) Example: (Google Canada, 2017) |
| In-Text Quote |
(Company Name, Year) Example: (Google Canada, 2017) Note: Because videos typically do not have page numbers, paragraph numbers or section headings,this information is left out of the in-text citation. |
User Name that Posted the Video. (Year, Month Day Posted). Name of video [Advertisement]. URL
| Example |
TrendCrave. (2016, February 17). Top 10 best Super Bowl 50 commericals (2016 funniest ads) [Advertisement]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q2c2mPpvcpw |
| In-Text Paraphrase |
(User Name, Year) Example: (TrendCrave, 2016) |
| In-Text Quote |
(User Name, Year) Example: (TrendCrave, 2016) Note: Because videos typically do not have page numbers, paragraph numbers or section headings,this information is left out of the in-text citation. |
Name of Company that Owns the Product. (Year, Month Day Advertisement Viewed). Name of advertisement [Advertisement]. Location of Advertisement, City, Province, State or Country.
| Example |
Tim Hortons. (2018, September 26). Cheddar cheese bagel [Advertisement]. Main Street and 12th Avenue, Vancouver, BC. |
| In-Text Paraphrase |
(Company Name, Year) Example: (Tim Hortons, 2018) |
| In-Text Quote |
(Company Name, Year) Example: (Tim Hortons, 2018) Note: Because billboards do not have page numbers, paragraph number or section headings, this information is left out of the in-text citation. |