The links herein provide access to important First-Amendment-related information. As with all websites, pages may change location, causing links to break.
RSS feeds related to the first amendment from the New York Times
The Bill of Rights
On September 25, 1789, the First Congress of the United States proposed 12 amendments to the Constitution. Ten of the proposed 12 amendments were ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures on December 15, 1791. The ratified Articles (Articles 3–12) constitute the first 10 amendments of the Constitution, or the U.S. Bill of Rights. The first amendment reads:
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
Access the complete transcription (U.S. National Archives)
By Mette Newth
Norway, 2010
Censorship has followed the free expressions of men and women like a shadow throughout history. In ancient societies, for example China, censorship was considered a legitimate instrument for regulating the moral and political life of the population. The origin of the term censor can be traced to the office of censor established in Rome 443 BC. In Rome, as in the ancient Greek communities, the ideal of good governance included shaping the character of the people. Hence censorship was regarded as an honourable task. In China, the first censorship law was introduced in 300 AD. [read the complete article]
Disinvitation Database-- The Foundation for Individual Rights in Education (FIRE) documents attempts to "disinvite" or censor public speakers from the campuses of public and private American colleges/universities.
Academic Freedom of Students and Professors, and Political Discrimination-- What follows is a brief overview of the principles and the law shaping faculty and student claims to academic freedom and free speech in the college and university classroom. This paper will also address issues of so-called “political discrimination” in the judicial and legislative fora, such as those asserted in the Academic Bill of Rights.
40% of Millennials OK with Limiting Speech Offensive to Minorities, Pew Research Center, 2015
Views Among College Students Regarding the First Amendment: Results from a New Survey, The Brookings Institution, 2016
Free Expression on College Campuses, College Pulse, Knight Foundation, 2019